/* Ralph Luetticke — restrained academic layout. No external fonts or UI library. */
:root {
  color-scheme: light;
  --paper: #ffffff;
  --ink: #222322;
  --muted: #636762;
  --line: #e5e7e2;
  --soft: #f6f7f4;
  --max: 1112px;
  --sans: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
  --serif: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
}
*, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; }
html { scroll-behavior: smooth; scroll-padding-top: 100px; }
body { margin: 0; background: var(--paper); color: var(--ink); font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.65; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; }
a { color: inherit; text-decoration-color: #a8ada5; text-underline-offset: .22em; text-decoration-thickness: 1px; }
a:hover { text-decoration-color: currentColor; }
button, input, summary { font: inherit; }
button, summary { -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; }
button { cursor: pointer; }
a:focus-visible, button:focus-visible, summary:focus-visible, input:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid var(--ink); outline-offset: 5px; border-radius: 2px; }
img { max-width: 100%; height: auto; display: block; }
h1, h2, h3, p { margin-top: 0; }
h1, h2, h3 { line-height: 1.2; }
p { margin-bottom: 1.1em; }
.wrap { width: min(var(--max), calc(100% - 72px)); margin-inline: auto; }
.skip-link { position: fixed; top: -100px; left: 24px; z-index: 100; padding: 12px 20px; background: var(--ink); color: white; }
.skip-link:focus { top: 12px; }
.sr-only { position: absolute; width: 1px; height: 1px; padding: 0; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; clip: rect(0,0,0,0); white-space: nowrap; border: 0; }
.site-header { position: sticky; top: 0; z-index: 20; background: rgba(255,255,255,.97); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.header-inner { min-height: 78px; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 28px; }
.wordmark { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 23px; letter-spacing: -.65px; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap; }
.desktop-nav { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 24px; }
.desktop-nav a, .mobile-nav a { color: #545852; font-size: 13px; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap; }
.desktop-nav a:hover, .desktop-nav a[aria-current], .mobile-nav a:hover { color: var(--ink); text-decoration: underline; }
.desktop-nav .nav-cv { border-left: 1px solid var(--line); padding-left: 24px; color: var(--ink); }
.mobile-nav { display: none; }
.mobile-nav summary { cursor: pointer; list-style: none; padding: 12px 0 12px 18px; font-size: 14px; }
.mobile-nav summary::-webkit-details-marker { display: none; }
.mobile-nav summary::after { content: '+'; margin-left: 12px; }
.mobile-nav[open] summary::after { content: '−'; }
.mobile-nav nav { position: absolute; top: 100%; inset-inline: 0; padding: 16px 28px 24px; background: white; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); box-shadow: 0 12px 20px #00000008; display: grid; gap: 4px; }
.mobile-nav nav a { display: block; padding: 10px 0; font-size: 16px; }
.hero { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 271.2px; gap: 80px; padding: 68px 0 48px; }
.hero-title { font-family: var(--serif); font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: -2.6px; font-size: clamp(43px, 4.6vw, 62px); margin: 0 0 12px; }
.role { margin: 0 0 3px; font-size: 17px; color: #434841; }
.school { margin: 0 0 25px; font-size: 13px; color: var(--muted); }
.school a { text-decoration: none; }
.school a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
.bio-content { max-width: 740px; font-size: 15.5px; line-height: 1.78; color: #4f544d; }
.bio-content > p { margin: 0 0 13px; }
.bio-content > p:last-of-type { font-size: 12px; margin: 21px 0 5px; font-weight: 600; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 1px; color: var(--muted); }
.bio-content > ul { list-style: none; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; column-gap: 18px; row-gap: 2px; padding: 0; margin: 0; font-size: 12px; }
.bio-content > ul li { margin: 0; }
.profile-aside { padding-top: 6px; }
.portrait { width: 271.2px; height: 271.2px; object-fit: cover; border-radius: 3px; }
.profile-links { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; column-gap: 18px; row-gap: 9px; padding-top: 20px; line-height: 1.5; }
.profile-links a { color: #565b53; font-size: 12px; text-decoration: none; }
.profile-links a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
.profile-links .profile-cv { flex-basis: 100%; font-size: 13px; font-weight: 600; color: var(--ink); margin-bottom: 2px; }
.eyebrow { margin: 0 0 12px; font-size: 10px; font-weight: 600; line-height: 1.5; letter-spacing: 1.7px; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--muted); }
.section-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 212px minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 56px; padding: 50px 0 18px; }
.section-grid + .section-grid { margin-top: 26px; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.section-heading { padding-top: 4px; }
.section-heading h2 { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 29px; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: -.7px; margin-bottom: 16px; }
.section-heading p:not(.eyebrow) { max-width: 185px; color: var(--muted); font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.75; margin-bottom: 16px; }
.section-heading .section-link { font-size: 12px; text-decoration: none; }
.section-heading .section-link:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
.section-body { min-width: 0; }
/* Research funding uses the same section-heading h2 rules as the research lists. */
.funding-section { border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.funding-item .funding-subtitle { font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.65; margin-bottom: 8px; color: #454b41; }
.funding-item .funding-meta { font-size: 12px; margin: 0 0 9px; }
.funding-item .funding-summary { max-width: 76ch; }
.paper-item { padding: 22px 0 23px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.paper-item:first-child { padding-top: 0; }
.paper-item:last-child { border-bottom: 0; }
.paper-disclosure > summary { cursor: pointer; list-style: none; }
.paper-disclosure > summary::-webkit-details-marker { display: none; }
.paper-heading { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0,1fr) 40px; align-items: baseline; gap: 14px; }
.paper-title { font-size: 18px; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: -.35px; line-height: 1.45; text-wrap: pretty; }
.paper-disclosure > summary:hover .paper-title { text-decoration: underline; text-decoration-thickness: 1px; text-underline-offset: 4px; }
.paper-year { font-size: 12px; color: var(--muted); font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; text-align: right; }
/* Only abstracts are collapsible; paper listings are always fully visible. */
.abstract-toggle { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 7px; margin-top: 8px; color: #555b50; font-size: 11.5px; line-height: 1.8; }
.abstract-toggle:hover { text-decoration: underline; text-underline-offset: 3px; }
.abstract-toggle .abstract-hide { display: none; }
.paper-disclosure[open] .abstract-toggle .abstract-show { display: none; }
.paper-disclosure[open] .abstract-toggle .abstract-hide { display: inline; }
.abstract-chevron { width: 5px; height: 5px; border-right: 1px solid currentColor; border-bottom: 1px solid currentColor; transform: translateY(-2px) rotate(45deg); }
.paper-disclosure[open] .abstract-chevron { transform: translateY(1px) rotate(225deg); }
.paper-authors { display: block; margin-top: 7px; color: var(--muted); font-size: 12.5px; line-height: 1.75; padding-right: 36px; }
.paper-authors .self { color: #454b41; font-weight: 500; }
.paper-publication { display: block; margin-top: 3px; font-size: 12.5px; color: #4c5149; line-height: 1.65; }
.paper-publication strong { font-weight: 500; }
.paper-links { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 5px 18px; align-items: baseline; margin-top: 10px; }
.paper-links a { display: inline-block; font-size: 11.5px; line-height: 1.8; color: #555b50; text-decoration: none; padding-block: 2px; }
.paper-links a:hover { color: var(--ink); text-decoration: underline; }
.paper-links .bib-link { color: #71766d; }
.paper-abstract { margin: 17px 0 2px; padding: 18px 21px; background: var(--soft); border-left: 2px solid #cbd0c6; border-radius: 0 3px 3px 0; }
.paper-abstract p { margin: 0 0 10px; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.8; color: #444b3f; }
.paper-abstract p:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }
.paper-abstract .abstract-label { display: block; margin-bottom: 7px; color: var(--muted); text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 1.2px; font-size: 10px; font-weight: 600; }
.content-item { padding: 22px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.content-item:first-child { padding-top: 0; }
.content-item:last-child { border-bottom: 0; }
.content-item h3 { font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: -.2px; font-weight: 600; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0 0 7px; }
.content-item h3 a { text-decoration: none; }
.content-item h3 a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
.content-item p { color: var(--muted); font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.85; margin: 0; max-width: 76ch; }
.content-item .content-meta { margin-top: 8px; font-size: 11px; }
.contact-section { border-top: 1px solid var(--line); padding: 35px 0 45px; margin-top: 35px; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 14px; }
.contact-section h2 { font-family: var(--serif); font-weight: 400; font-size: 27px; letter-spacing: -.5px; margin: 0; }
.contact-section a { font-size: 15px; }
.site-footer { border-top: 1px solid var(--line); padding: 25px 0 30px; color: #73786f; font-size: 10px; }
.footer-inner { display: flex; align-items: baseline; flex-wrap: wrap; justify-content: space-between; gap: 10px 24px; }
.site-footer p { margin: 0; }
.site-footer a { text-decoration: none; }
.site-footer a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
.inner-page { padding: 55px 0 70px; min-height: calc(100vh - 172px); }
.breadcrumb { display: inline-block; color: var(--muted); font-size: 12px; text-decoration: none; margin-bottom: 30px; }
.breadcrumb:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
.article-wrap { max-width: 810px; }
.article-title { font-family: var(--serif); font-weight: 400; font-size: clamp(33px,4.4vw,48px); letter-spacing: -1.2px; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0 0 23px; }
.article-authors { font-size: 15px; color: #535a4d; margin-bottom: 8px; }
.article-publication { font-size: 14px; margin-bottom: 10px; }
.article-publication strong { font-weight: 500; }
.article-year { color: var(--muted); font-size: 12px; }
.article-resources { margin: 26px 0 36px; padding-bottom: 25px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.article-resources .paper-links { margin-top: 0; gap: 9px 14px; }
.article-resources .paper-links a { border: 1px solid #d9ddd4; border-radius: 3px; padding: 5px 12px; font-size: 12px; color: var(--ink); }
.article-resources .paper-links a:hover { background: var(--soft); text-decoration: none; border-color: #afb5a7; }
.abstract-full h2, .prose h2 { font-family: var(--serif); font-weight: 400; font-size: 27px; letter-spacing: -.4px; }
.abstract-full { margin: 0 0 38px; }
.abstract-full p, .prose { font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.9; color: #444c3e; }
.prose { overflow-wrap: anywhere; }
.prose h2, .prose h3 { margin-top: 1.7em; }
.prose ul, .prose ol { padding-left: 23px; }
.prose pre { overflow: auto; background: var(--soft); padding: 18px; font-size: 13px; }
.prose table { border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; display: block; overflow-x: auto; }
.prose th, .prose td { padding: 8px 12px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); text-align: left; }
.citation-disclosure { margin-top: 32px; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); padding-top: 18px; }
.citation-disclosure > summary { cursor: pointer; font-size: 13px; color: var(--muted); }
.citation-disclosure pre { white-space: pre-wrap; overflow-wrap: anywhere; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.7; padding: 18px; background: var(--soft); }
.citation-disclosure .citation-actions { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: center; gap: 18px; }
.citation-disclosure button { border: 1px solid #cbd1c3; border-radius: 3px; background: white; padding: 7px 12px; font-size: 12px; }
.citation-disclosure a { font-size: 12px; }
.js-only { display: none; }
.js .js-only { display: inline-block; }
.collection-header { margin-bottom: 38px; padding-bottom: 28px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.collection-header .article-title { margin-bottom: 12px; }
.collection-header p { color: var(--muted); font-size: 14px; margin-bottom: 0; }
.collection-list { max-width: 900px; }
@media (min-width: 1400px) { .hero { padding-top: 76px; } }
@media (max-width: 1100px) {
  .desktop-nav { gap: 16px; }
  .desktop-nav a { font-size: 12px; }
  .desktop-nav .nav-cv { padding-left: 16px; }
  .hero { gap: 45px; grid-template-columns: minmax(0,1fr) 247.2px; }
  .portrait { width: 247.2px; height: 247.2px; }
  .section-grid { gap: 38px; grid-template-columns: 185px minmax(0,1fr); }
}
@media (max-width: 860px) {
  .desktop-nav { display: none; }
  .mobile-nav { display: block; }
  .header-inner { min-height: 68px; }
  .hero { padding-top: 45px; grid-template-columns: minmax(0,1fr) 204px; gap: 32px; }
  .portrait { width: 204px; height: 204px; }
  .hero-title { font-size: 47px; letter-spacing: -1.8px; }
  .profile-links { column-gap: 14px; }
  .section-grid { grid-template-columns: 155px minmax(0,1fr); gap: 28px; }
  .section-heading h2 { font-size: 26px; }
}
@media (max-width: 640px) {
  html { scroll-padding-top: 85px; }
  .wrap { width: calc(100% - 40px); }
  .wordmark { font-size: 21px; }
  .hero { grid-template-columns: minmax(0,1fr); gap: 25px; padding: 36px 0 32px; }
  .hero-title { font-size: 45px; letter-spacing: -1.8px; }
  .role { font-size: 15px; }
  .school { font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 20px; }
  .bio-content { font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.85; }
  .bio-content > ul { column-gap: 15px; font-size: 11px; }
  .profile-aside { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 124.8px 1fr; align-items: center; gap: 22px; padding: 0; }
  .portrait { width: 124.8px; height: 124.8px; }
  .profile-links { padding: 0; row-gap: 8px; column-gap: 17px; }
  .section-grid { display: block; padding: 33px 0 6px; }
  .section-grid + .section-grid { margin-top: 25px; }
  .section-heading { margin-bottom: 25px; }
  .section-heading .eyebrow { margin-bottom: 6px; }
  .section-heading h2 { font-size: 30px; margin-bottom: 10px; }
  .section-heading p:not(.eyebrow) { max-width: none; display: inline; }
  .section-heading .section-link { display: inline-block; margin-left: 8px; }
  .paper-heading { gap: 8px; grid-template-columns: minmax(0,1fr) 35px; }
  .paper-title { font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5; letter-spacing: -.2px; }
  .paper-year { font-size: 11px; }
  .paper-authors { font-size: 11.5px; padding-right: 0; }
  .paper-publication { font-size: 11.5px; }
  .paper-links { gap: 6px 15px; margin-top: 7px; }
  .paper-links a { font-size: 11px; padding-block: 5px; }
  .paper-item { padding: 20px 0; }
  .paper-abstract { padding: 15px 16px; margin-top: 13px; }
  .paper-abstract p { font-size: 13px; }
  .content-item h3 { font-size: 16px; }
  .content-item p { overflow-wrap: anywhere; }
  .contact-section { padding: 26px 0 30px; }
  .contact-section a { font-size: 13px; overflow-wrap: anywhere; }
  .inner-page { padding: 34px 0 48px; }
  .article-title { font-size: 34px; letter-spacing: -.8px; }
  .article-authors { font-size: 13px; }
  .abstract-full p, .prose { font-size: 14px; }
}
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) { html { scroll-behavior: auto; } }
@media print {
  .site-header, .site-footer, .profile-links, .abstract-toggle, .paper-links, .breadcrumb, .js-only, .section-link { display: none !important; }
  .wrap { width: 100%; max-width: none; }
  .hero, .section-grid { display: block; padding: 20px 0; }
  .profile-aside { display: none; }
  .paper-item, .content-item { break-inside: avoid; }
  .paper-abstract, .citation-disclosure pre { background: transparent; border-left: 0; padding-inline: 0; }
  .hero-title { font-size: 36px; }
}

.paper-abstract .abstract-copy { font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.8; color: #444b3f; }
.abstract-full .abstract-copy { font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.9; color: #444c3e; }
@media (max-width: 640px) { .paper-abstract .abstract-copy { font-size: 13px; } .abstract-full .abstract-copy { font-size: 14px; } }

/* Publication information for linked commentary. */
.content-item .content-meta { margin: -.15rem 0 .45rem; font-size: .82rem; color: var(--muted); }